Two grids on the same template. The first is empty - print it, fill in each cell with a one-line note while you revise. The second is a worked example to check yourself against.
Each cell asks one question: does this row strengthen the column quality (mark +) or weaken it (mark -)? Then add a one-line note saying why. The plus and minus columns are deliberately not pre-printed - your judgement is the work.
| Strand+ - | Optimistic human nature | Smash the state | Common ownership | Absolute equality | Revolution over reform | Capitalism beyond saving |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revolutionary | ||||||
| Social democracy | ||||||
| Third Way |
| Strand+ - | Optimistic human nature | Smash the state | Common ownership | Absolute equality | Revolution over reform | Capitalism beyond saving |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revolutionary | +Optimistic, but capitalism alienates and damages it. | +Smash the capitalist state by revolution. | +Abolish capitalism, common ownership of production. | +Equality must be absolute, not relative. | +Revolution; reform leaves class rule intact. | +Capitalism is corrosive and cannot be made just. |
| Social democracy | +Optimistic and rational; capitalism only limits it. | -Use the state, won at the ballot box. | ±Mixed economy; some nationalisation, not abolition. | ±Relative equality of outcome via redistribution. | -Peaceful, evolutionary, the ballot box. | -Capitalism can be humanised, not abolished. |
| Third Way | ±Less optimistic; human nature can be problematic. | -Keep and modernise the state, do not smash it. | -Free market accepted; no abolition. | -Equality of opportunity, not outcome. | -Democratic, evolutionary route kept. | -Capitalism harnessed, not abolished. |