18 concepts the spec wants you to use precisely, drawn from the Panther database. Read them, then test yourself.
In test mode, tap a concept to reveal its definition.
The concepts
Emerging power(tap to reveal)- A state growing rapidly in economic and political strength and taking on a bigger role in global affairs, such as India or Brazil.
Great power(tap to reveal)- A state with enough military, economic, and political strength to play a major role in international affairs.
Hard power(tap to reveal)- The use of military force or economic pressure to get other countries to do what you want.
Soft power(tap to reveal)- The ability to influence other countries through attraction and persuasion rather than force, for example through culture, values, or diplomacy.
Superpower(tap to reveal)- The most powerful state(s) in the world, able to project influence globally; currently the US, and increasingly China.
Bipolarity(tap to reveal)- A world order divided between two major powers competing for global influence, as with the US and USSR during the Cold War.
Failed state(tap to reveal)- A country whose government has collapsed or is so weak it can no longer provide basic services, law and order, or control its own territory.
Multipolarity(tap to reveal)- A world order in which power is spread across three or more major states, making international relations more complex and unpredictable.
Polarity(tap to reveal)- The way power is distributed in the international system: whether one, two, or many states hold dominant power.
Rogue state(tap to reveal)- A country seen as threatening international peace and security, typically because it supports terrorism or pursues weapons of mass destruction.
Unipolarity(tap to reveal)- A world order dominated by a single superpower, as seen after the Cold War when the US stood alone as the leading global power.
Emerging power(tap to reveal)- A country that is growing rapidly in economic and political power and starting to influence world affairs.
BRIC states(tap to reveal)- A group of four fast-growing economies - Brazil, Russia, India and China - seen as the next great powers.
BRICs(tap to reveal)- A group of large developing countries with fast-growing economies challenging Western dominance.
Brandt Report(tap to reveal)- A 1980 report calling for rich countries to give much more money and support to poor countries.
Conditional loans(tap to reveal)- Money lent to countries on the condition they follow strict economic rules, usually set by Western-led institutions.
Core vs Periphery states(tap to reveal)- The division of the world into rich powerful countries at the centre and poor countries on the edges who are exploited by the centre.
Dependency theory(tap to reveal)- The theory that rich countries keep poor countries poor by controlling the global economic system.