Judgement grids

Each grid puts the named cases down the side and the essay qualities along the top, and you judge every cell plus or minus. Grids marked Interactive let you predict each judgement on screen, tap to check, and test yourself with a quiz - the print-and-fill version is linked inside each one. The rest are print-and-fill A4 sheets with a filled version to check against.

Why these work: the plus and minus columns are never pre-printed - your judgement is the work. Read down a column and you have an essay paragraph: the cluster of pluses is the agree case, the cluster of minuses is the disagree case.

Paper 1 - UK Politics

UK electoral systems FPTP, AMS, STV and SV against proportionality, strong government, voter choice and the constituency link. Interactive UK referendums 1997 devolution to 2016 EU - turnout, decisiveness, participation and whether the result was respected. Interactive

Paper 2 - UK Government

Supreme Court rulings Belmarsh to the Safety of Rwanda Act - six rulings against independence, activism and whether government complied. Interactive Power of the Prime Minister Thatcher to Starmer against the seven factors - majority, mandate, media, big beasts, party control, opposition, events. Interactive Codified v uncodified constitution Six episodes from the HRA to the Rwanda Act against flexibility, rights and the case for codification. Interactive Parliamentary sovereignty Six challenges from EU membership to the 2020-24 recovery era - every cell tested against Dicey's three rules. Interactive Devolution The four settlements plus the 2014 referendum and the Internal Market Act against seven essay qualities. Interactive Parliamentary scrutiny PMQs, urgent questions, select committees, the Lords and backbench rebellions - has scrutiny improved since 2010? Interactive Parliamentary committees Select committees to the PAC against independence, expertise, impact and effectiveness. Interactive Ministerial responsibility Seven cases from Carrington 1982 to Rayner 2025 against the IMR/CMR doctrines, the Code and the PM's role. Interactive House of Lords Six reform episodes from the Parliament Acts to the 2024 Hereditary Peers Bill - legitimacy, expertise and the elected question. Interactive Rights in the UK Seven cases and Acts from the HRA to the Safety of Rwanda Act - do rights depend on the courts or on Parliament? Interactive Brexit's constitutional impact Six episodes from the referendum to the Windsor Framework - sovereignty, the executive, Parliament and the Union in one synoptic sheet. Interactive Constitutional reform since 1997 Six reforms from devolution to the 2024 Labour programme - what improved, what dispersed power, what was never finished. Interactive

Paper 3 - Global Politics

Regional blocs The EU, AU, ASEAN, Mercosur, USMCA and the Arab League against six dimensions - which blocs really integrate? Interactive Environment v poverty Paris, the COPs and Montreal against the World Bank, IMF and trade-led growth - which has the world dealt with better? Interactive Human rights v peace and security The ECtHR, ICC and treaties against the Security Council, peacekeeping and R2P. Financial crises v climate IMF lending, the 2008 response and trade rules against Kyoto, Paris and the renewables shift. Regional v global bodies The EU, AU and ASEAN against the IMF, World Bank and WTO - the 2022 past question as a grid. The UN v NATO Six tests across the two security bodies - 12-mark similarities and 30-mark differences on one sheet. Interactive Global political theories Realism, liberalism, the English School and constructivism against six claims - who holds what, and where they split. Interactive Globalisation Bretton Woods to decoupling against six tests - did each development advance globalisation, or signal its retreat? Interactive Global environment Montreal to COP29 against binding, universal, effective, enforced and fair - which agreements actually delivered? Interactive Global human rights The UDHR, ECHR, ICC, tribunals and R2P against binding, enforced, universal and applied-to-great-powers. Interactive United Nations: effectiveness The Security Council, General Assembly, peacekeeping, agencies and R2P against power, representation and the veto. Interactive Humanitarian intervention Rwanda, Kosovo, Sierra Leone, Libya and Syria against UN authority, legality, justification, effect and R2P. Interactive Sovereignty and globalisation MNCs, IGOs, the EU, human rights, the environment and the backlash - how far is the nation-state eroded? Interactive Economic global governance The IMF, World Bank, WTO, G20 and AIIB against effectiveness, legitimacy and fairness to the Global South. Interactive Development and poverty Free trade, FDI, structural adjustment, the alternative model and AIIB finance - what actually cuts poverty? Interactive Power and polarity The USA, China, Russia and the EU against military, economic, soft and diplomatic power - unipolar or multipolar? Interactive US and China power balance Military, economy, technology, soft power, diplomacy and global leadership - who leads, and is it bipolar? Interactive Which theory explains it? Ukraine, cooperation, China's rise, the UN, the environment and human rights against realism, liberalism and more. Interactive Globalisation: winners and losers The West, emerging economies, the Global South, MNCs, Western workers and the environment - who gained, who lost? Interactive The EU as a global actor Economic, trade, foreign-policy, soft power, cohesion and enlargement - how strong is the EU on the world stage? Interactive

Paper 3 - US Politics

SCOTUS landmark decisions Brown to Students for Fair Admissions - rights, precedent, activism and whether the ruling survived. Interactive Checks on the President Six checks from the purse to war powers - which bite, when, and on whose terms. Interactive US Congress Six functions from legislation to impeachment against gridlock, partisanship and the framers' design. Interactive US federalism The New Deal to the 2025 funding fights - where the line moved and who moved it. Interactive US elections and campaign finance The Electoral College to gerrymandering - legitimacy, participation and whether money decides. Interactive UK vs US comparative Constitution, executive, legislature, judiciary, parties and groups - which is more powerful, and which theory explains it. Interactive Sources of presidential power Veto, executive orders, war powers, appointments, persuasion and pardons - formal or informal, and how far each is checked. Interactive House vs Senate Term, size, representation, exclusive powers, responsiveness and prestige - where each chamber is the stronger. Interactive

Core ideologies (strands)

Conservatism strands Traditional, One-Nation and the New Right against human nature, the state, society, the economy and change. Interactive Liberalism strands Classical against modern liberalism on human nature, the state, freedom, the economy and the individual. Interactive Socialism strands Revolutionary, social democracy and the Third Way on common ownership, equality and revolution versus reform. Interactive

Non-core ideologies (strands)

Feminism strands Liberal, socialist, radical and postmodern on patriarchy, the personal as political and equality versus difference. Interactive Anarchism strands Collectivist against individualist on human nature, the state, the economy and cooperation versus self-interest. Interactive Nationalism strands Liberal, conservative, expansionist and anti-colonial on the nation, self-determination and cooperation versus supremacy. Interactive Ecologism strands Deep green, shallow green and social ecology on ecocentrism, the intrinsic value of nature and limits to growth. Interactive Multiculturalism strands Liberal, pluralist and cosmopolitan on value pluralism, recognition, group rights and the limits set by liberal values. Interactive