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Paper 2 Ideology · Sample · 24 marks
To what extent do feminists disagree about the role of the state? (24 marks)
Non-Core Ideologies: Feminism
Mark scheme: agreement
AO1 All feminists recognise that the state does serve some useful purpose for women. AO2 Feminists agree that the state does protect women's interests to an extent by outlawing discrimination and banning some practices harmful to women. [IJ] This unifying belief draws the strands together as feminists have a common desire to improve the role of women with the help of the state. AO1 Socialist and radical feminists agree that the state does not primarily have the interests of women at heart. AO2 Socialist and radical feminists agree that although the state serves some useful purpose, it is not structured to eradicate patriarchy; it provides minimal protection for women while allowing their unequal position to be maintained. [IJ] Shows agreement between feminists that the state does not serve the interests of women but instead serves patriarchy. AO1 Feminists believe that the state could be used more to enhance women's position in society. AO2 Feminists agree that the state could be useful by enhancing women's position, showing that an improved role for women is at the heart of all feminism. [IJ] Shows agreement between the strands and proves that there are elements of harmony in their views on the state.
Mark scheme: disagreement
AO1 Liberal feminists believe that the state can play a role in promoting female emancipation. AO2 Liberal feminists disagree with other feminists, believing the state is key to female emancipation (Friedan); radical feminists believe that an equal legal framework is insufficient (Millett). [IJ] Shows clear differences between liberal and radical feminists over the role of the state. AO1 Radical feminists believe that the state currently promotes the interests of patriarchy (Millett). AO2 Radical feminists disagree with other feminists over how the state serves women, believing it primarily promotes patriarchy (Millett); socialist feminists believe it serves capitalism first and then patriarchy (Rowbotham). [IJ] Clear differences in socialist and radical feminists' views of the primary focus of the state. AO1 Radical feminists believe the state has a role in eradicating patriarchy in both public and private spheres; liberal feminists restrict it to the public sphere. AO2 Radical feminists argue the state has a role in both public and private spheres - outlawing pornography, ensuring harsher punishment for domestic violence, rape and crimes against women (Millett); liberal feminists believe the state should concern itself only with discrimination in the public sphere (Friedan). [IJ] This level of disagreement is fundamental and an important distinction between how the two strands see the role of the state.
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