AO1 The most central belief of nationalism is that the nation is, or should be, the main component of political organisation – the nation-state AO2 Nationalism places the nation as the centre of its ideas, aiming to promote national autonomy, identity, and unity and that the nation-state is built around people identifying as a nation with shared values, showing that nationalism is united in its view that the nation-state is central to its ideas [IJ] We can conclude that nationalism is united on the nation-state AO1 Liberal and anti/post-colonial nationalists are united over the view that a world of nation-states promotes progress, peace, and order AO2 For most forms of nationalism, nation-states are the central building block of the world, bringing progress, order, and peace – as each nation-state can decide how to govern itself and will respect the sovereignty of other nation-states, reflecting a united view that the nation-state playing a key role in a progressive and peaceful world [IJ] We can conclude that nationalism is united on the nation-state AO1 Liberal and post-colonial nationalists support self-determination for the nation – for each nation, a state AO2 Most liberal, anti-colonial and nationalists support self-determination for all nations, so that each nation has its own state, although this can be for very different reasons and to very different extents, so there is a unity in the views of nationalists over the role of the nation-state [IJ] We can conclude that nationalism is united on the nation-state

AO1 Liberal nationalists and conservative nationalists are divided over their views on the nation-state AO2 Conservative nationalists view the nation-state in a romantic way as protecting the unique, common linguistic and cultural heritage (von Herder) of the people, whereas liberal nationalism focusses on a more rational approach built on civic nationalism (Rousseau), showing there is division between conservative and liberal nationalism over their views of the role of the nation-state [IJ] We can conclude that there is division on the nation-state AO1 Most nationalists back the creation of a world of nation-states. However, others are expansionist in character (Maurras) AO2 Expansionist nationalism rejects the right of all nations to self-determination, instead favouring colonialism/imperialism, whilst liberal (Mazzini, Rousseau) and anti/post-colonial nationalism (Garvey) is concerned with the rights of all nations to self-determination and a nation-state, showing that there is division over the views on the role of the nation-state between expansionist nationalism and other strands of nationalism [IJ] We can conclude that there is division on the nation-state AO1 There is division as to whether the nation-state is inclusive or exclusive AO2 Liberal and post-colonial nationalism take an inclusive approach to the nation-state, whilst conservative forms of nationalism are more exclusive. Chauvinistic nationalism holds a particularly exclusive view as to what constitutes the nation-state (Maurras), so there is division over what constitutes the nation-state and what role it takes [IJ] We can conclude that there is division on the nation-state