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Paper 2 Ideology · 2024 · 24 marks
To what extent is feminism united about how society must be changed? (24 marks)
Non-Core Ideologies: Feminism
Mark scheme: agreement
AO1 Most feminists agree that we must challenge gender stereotyping. AO2 Most feminists argue that gender stereotyping must be challenged as women can only be truly emancipated when encouraged to allow their true nature to evolve (Gilman, de Beauvoir). [IJ] Feminists agree that in order to change society, gender roles must be challenged. AO1 Most feminists argue that patriarchy must be overcome. AO2 Most feminists agree that the patriarchy, a pervasive system of oppression, lies at the heart of societal problems (Millett, bell hooks). [IJ] Clear agreement within feminism that patriarchy in society must be overthrown. AO1 Most feminists argue that women must overcome inequalities in the economy. AO2 Most feminists agree that there is a division between the public and private spheres, and women are pushed into domestic responsibilities and men into paid, higher status work. [IJ] This artificial division must be removed in order to change society.
Mark scheme: disagreement
AO1 Liberal feminists are reformist with a focus on the public sphere; other feminists support more radical change that incorporates the private sphere. AO2 Liberal feminists are reformist, campaigning for gradual change to secure political and legal equality in the public sphere; whilst radical, socialist and postmodern feminists feel that radical change incorporating both spheres is necessary. [IJ] Shows clear disagreements within feminism about how society must be changed. AO1 Radical feminists and socialist feminists disagree on the means of achieving social change. AO2 Socialist feminists argue for radical change targeting capitalism as the key promoter of patriarchy (Rowbotham); radical feminists target patriarchy as the oldest and most pervasive form of oppression to be overthrown first (Millett). [IJ] Shows a lack of unity within feminism over how society must be changed. AO1 Postmodern feminists disagree with other feminists on whether there is a single explanation for the oppression of women. AO2 Postmodern feminists argue that intersectionality must be recognised and provides the framework for social change (bell hooks). [IJ] Shows clear division as postmodern feminism brings new ideas to the debate about how society must be changed.
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