AO1 Deep greens and social ecology both reject existing economic models, which are based on industrialism, seeing them as incompatible with ecologism. AO2 Both deep green thinking and social ecology reject capitalism and industrialism as it is based on the principle of growth (Bookchin) and gigantism (Schumacher) which is impossible as all production is destruction. [IJ] Both deep greens and social ecology are radical in their desire to overthrow capitalism to replace it with living economies. AO1 Deep greens and social ecology reject the nature of existing states' structures. AO2 Both see the existing state structures as part of the problem and wish to replace the state with decentralised communities (Bookchin) built around bioregions, built around social and environmental justice rather than an obsession with GDP and exploitative relationships. [IJ] Deep greens and social ecology see the need for a radical overthrow of existing state structures. AO1 All ecologists reject existing societal values to some extent. AO2 All ecologists reject anthropocentrism, consumerism, materialism and the mechanistic world view (Merchant) to some extent and wish to change humanity's relationship to the natural world. [IJ] Ecologists wish to change existing societal values so are radical in their approach although deep greens and social ecology are far more radical than shallow greens.

AO1 Shallow greens disagree with deep greens and social ecology about whether ecological issues can be solved without a fundamental shift in societal values. AO2 Shallow greens argue for a move to limited holism rather than radical holism, and a shift to enlightened anthropocentrism rather than a rejection of anthropocentrism (Leopold). [IJ] There is clear disagreement within ecologism over whether solving ecological problems requires a reform of societal values or a radical overhaul. AO1 Shallow greens disagree with deep and social ecology, arguing that the existing state can be used to solve ecological problems. AO2 Shallow greens believe the existing state can be used to sustainably manage resources (Carson) by promoting reform through managerialism or green capitalism whilst deep greens/social ecology wish to radically overhaul existing state structures (Bookchin). [IJ] There is clear disagreement within ecologism over whether a radical or reformist approach to the state is needed. AO1 Shallow greens take a reformist approach to capitalism whilst deep greens/social ecology rejects capitalism. AO2 Shallow greens believe smarter, slower and greener growth that is sustainable is possible with reforms to capitalism whilst deep greens/social ecology reject capitalism (Bookchin) outright favouring steady state economies based on strong sustainability. [IJ] There is clear disagreement over whether ecologism requires a reform of capitalism or a radical overthrow of capitalism.