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Paper 2 Ideology · 2022 · 24 marks
To what extent is there more disagreement within feminism than agreement? (24 marks)
Non-Core Ideologies: Feminism
Mark scheme: agreement
AO1 Feminists agree that women and men are not treated equally in the state, economy and society. Feminists argue that women have been faced with systemic discrimination and persistent injustices. We can conclude that there is clear agreement within feminism that there is inequality. AO2 Feminists agree that this inequality is not desirable or permanent and should be challenged by political action. Feminism aims for gender equality and that this can and should be overthrown by political action showing clear agreement. We can conclude that there is clear agreement within feminism in its aim for gender equality. [IJ] Almost all feminists are equality feminists rejecting the view that men and women are innately different. Almost all feminists argue that humans are naturally androgynous and that gender roles/stereotypes are unjustified showing clear agreement. We can conclude that there is clear agreement within feminism that humans are naturally androgynous.
Mark scheme: disagreement
AO1 Disagreements within feminism over the nature and origin of oppression. Whilst liberalism feminism focusses on discrimination in the public sphere, radical feminism focusses on patriarchy (Millett), socialist feminism on patriarchy and capitalism (Rowbotham) and post-modern feminism on interlocking systems of oppression (bell hooks). We can conclude that there is strong disagreement over the nature and origin of oppression. AO2 Disagreements within feminism over the strategies needed to counter oppression. Liberal feminists argue for gradual reforms to secure legal and political equality and by changing attitudes over time while radical (Millett), socialist (Rowbotham) and postmodern feminists (bell hooks) argue for much more radical but differing means to achieve social change. We can conclude that there is strong disagreement within feminism over the nature of the political action needed. [IJ] Disagreements between equality feminists and difference feminists. Whilst most feminists are equality feminists believing humans are naturally androgynous, difference feminists support essentialism over androgyny. We can conclude that there is a strong disagreement within feminism between equality and difference feminists.
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