AO1 Nationalists argue that the state is built around people identifying as a cohesive group, a nation, with shared values AO2 These shared or common values can have numerous and differing origins – from language to history, culture or values. At its most central is the notion that a nation should be self-governing in a state and able to define its own path and destiny (Mazzini) [IJ] The key judgement which we arrive at is that the state is a focal point for nationalism AO1 Some Nationalists share a common theme for their own state, as an expression of self-determination AO2 Some nationalists share a common theme for their own state, as an expression of self-determination [IJ] We reach a conclusion that statehood is a key aim for nations AO1 Liberal and anti/post-colonial nationalism argue that a peaceful and stable world will be achieved when the boundaries of the nation equate to the boundaries of a state AO2 This form of internationalism believes that statehood is the right of all nations, and that international stability will result from this [IJ] We can conclude that statehood is at the heart of some forms of nationalism's outlook for the world

AO1 While some nationalists support the creation of a world of nation-states, others are expansionist in character, rejecting this vision (Maurras) AO2 So, the state can be a realm of freedom for some nationalists and a force of oppression for others [IJ] This shows clear disagreement within nationalism over the purpose of the state AO1 Some nationalists are rational in their approach to states (Rousseau), others base their belief in a state on a more mystical and emotional basis (Herder) AO2 Liberal nationalists see the state rationally - built on civic nationalism, whereas Conservative nationalists hold a romantic view of the state to protect the nation and its culture [IJ] This shows clear disagreement within nationalism about the state AO1 Some nationalists base their appeal to create the state on an inclusive basis, others seek to create a state on an exclusive basis, on the mistaken notion of racial superiority AO2 Expansionist nationalism is highly exclusive and seeks to use the might and power of the state in an oppressive way whereas Liberal and anti/post-colonial nationalists seek to use the state to create and enhance freedom [IJ] We can conclude that nationalists use the state in very different ways