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Paper 2 Ideology · 2020 · 24 marks
To what extent do feminists agree over the best ways to achieve social change? (24 marks)
Non-Core Ideologies: Feminism
Mark scheme: agreement
AO1 Most feminists agree that we must challenge gender stereotyping. AO2 Most feminists argue that we need to challenge gender stereotyping in order to achieve social change to create a future where 'sex' and 'gender' are clearly distinguished (Gilman) (De Beauvoir). [IJ] We can conclude that most feminists agree that challenging gender stereotyping is an important method of achieving social change. AO1 Most feminists argue that patriarchy must be overcome. AO2 Most feminists argue that patriarchy oppresses women and therefore it must be overcome in order to achieve social change.(Millett) [IJ] We can reach a verdict that most feminists agree that overcoming patriarchy is an important method of achieving social change. AO1 Most feminists argue that women must overcome inequalities in the economy. AO2 The division between the public and private spheres, whereby women are pushed into domestic responsibilities and men into paid, high status work, must be removed. [IJ] We can form a judgement that most feminists agree overcoming inequalities in society is a key way of achieving social change.
Mark scheme: disagreement
AO1 Liberal feminists argue for gradual reforms, other feminists support more radical change. AO2 Liberal feminists argue for gradual reforms to secure legal and political equality and by changing attitudes over time while radical, socialist and postmodern feminists argue for much more radical means to achieve social change. [IJ] We can conclude that feminists do not agree on the best ways of achieving social change AO1 Radical feminists and socialist feminists disagree on the means of achieving social change. AO2 While both radical and socialist feminists support much more radical change in society, socialist feminists argue that capitalism is the primary source of female oppression whilst radical feminists see patriarchy as the primary source of oppression. [IJ] We can conclude that although socialist and radical feminists agree that change should be radical, they disagree on what that change needs to be. AO1 Postmodern feminists disagree with other feminists on whether there is a single explanation for the oppression of women and so look to challenge all the intersecting forms of oppression (bell hooks). AO2 Postmodern feminists argue that not all women are oppressed in the same way, and so all these different forms oppression (patriarchy, race, class, religion) must be challenged in society to achieve social change. [IJ] We can conclude that postmodern feminists disagree with other feminists about how to achieve social change.
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