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Paper 2 Ideology · 2020 · 24 marks
To what extent do multiculturalists agree over the type of society they wish to create?
Non-Core Ideologies: Multiculturalism
Mark scheme: agreement
AO1 Multiculturalists oppose assimilation and support integration. AO2 Multiculturalists oppose the assimilation as it ignores the importance of culture and identity, leading to alienation, inequality and injustice that undermine the unity of society. [IJ] We can reach a verdict that the opposition to assimilation shows that multiculturalists agree over the type of society they wish to create. AO1 Multiculturalists promote diverse societies. AO2 Multiculturalists promote diverse societies which are enriched by the different cultures that co-exist within them, creating vibrancy. [IJ] We can form a judgement that the support for diversity shows that multiculturalists agree over the type of society they wish to create. AO1 Many multiculturalists support minority rights. AO2 Many multiculturalists support the politics of recognition (Taylor) and group differentiated rights (Kymlicka) within societies, in order to meet the needs of all cultures in society. [IJ] We can conclude that support for minority rights shows that multiculturalists agree over the type of society they wish to create.
Mark scheme: disagreement
AO1 There is disagreement between cosmopolitan multiculturalists and the rest of multiculturalism AO2 Whilst all multiculturalists support a diverse society, cosmopolitan multiculturalists support this to allow individuals to pick and mix from different cultures till cultural differences dissolve into one single identity and culture rather than valuing cultural diversity as a good in itself (Parekh) . [IJ] We can conclude from these differences between multiculturalists over cosmopolitanism that they disagree over the type of society they wish to create. AO1 Multiculturalists disagree over tolerance and diversity. AO2 Multiculturalists disagree over the proper limits of tolerance in society and therefore the extent of diversity they are willing to support in society. Liberal multiculturalists support shallow diversity whilst pluralist multiculturalist support deep diversity and oppose liberal universalism (Parekh). [IJ] We can form a judgement that these differences over the limits of tolerance and the nature of diversity shows that multiculturalists disagree over the type of society they wish to create. AO1 Some multiculturalists emphasise supporting minority rights but for different reasons. AO2 Some multiculturalists put more emphasis on creating societies that support minority rights with liberal multiculturalists seeing this as promoting justice and individualism (Kymlicka) rather than because diversity is a cultural good in its own right (pluralist multiculturalism) and where society should show it accepts all cultures in order to create a deep sense of belonging (Parekh). [IJ] We can reach a verdict that these differences over minority rights shows that multiculturalists disagree over the type of society they wish to create.
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