AO1 Some shallow ecologists argue for radical social change (Bookchin). AO2 Eco-socialists argue for a collectivised economy with strong state intervention while eco-anarchists argue for small-scale communities living in harmony with nature. [IJ] As several strands of shallow ecology argue for radically different economic and social systems, we can conclude that they agree that there needs to be a radical change in society. AO1 Ecologists argue for a less materialistic and consumerist society (Schumacher). AO2 Ecologists want to create a society which is not based on a culture of materialism and consumerism, one where contentment is not based on possessions. This involves a radical change in our values. [IJ] We can conclude from this fundamental change in values that ecologists agree on the need for a radical change in society. AO1 Deep ecologists argue for a reduction in the world's population. AO2 Deep ecologists wish to create a completely eco-centric society. This would require a significant reduction in the world's population. [IJ] We can conclude from the views of deep ecologists that this would involve a radical change in society.

AO1 Green capitalists argue against radical change. AO2 Green capitalists argue that additional state regulations, taxes and investment in new technologies will be sufficient to ensure sustainable growth. [IJ] We can conclude from the views of green capitalists that ecologists do not agree that there needs to be a radical change in society. AO1 Shallow ecologists disagree about the extent of change necessary in society. AO2 Ecologists generally agree that society should be significantly less materialistic and not based on consumerism and waste. However, they disagree on the best way of addressing this, with some arguing for radical social change and some arguing for less radical change. [IJ] We can conclude from the lack of consensus among shallow ecologists that they do not agree that there needs to be a radical change in society. AO1 Most ecologists reject the view of deep ecologists. AO2 Most ecologists are anthropocentric and reject the extreme view that we should reduce the world's population, or that we can have an economy based on zero growth. [IJ] We can conclude from the fact that the vast majority of ecologists are anthropocentric, that they do not agree that there needs to be a radical change in society.