‹ All questions
Paper 2 · 2021 · 30 marks
Evaluate the view that devolution has been good for Wales and Scotland but not for England and Northern Ireland.
Constitution
Mark scheme: agreement
AO1: Scotland and Wales have both gained additional powers. AO2: Scotland has gained additional powers through the Scotland Acts; Wales has also gained additional powers since powers were devolved under Blair. In contrast, England does not have a devolved assembly and NI has not gained additional powers. AO3: We can conclude that since both Scotland and Wales have gained additional powers, devolution has been good for them. AO1: Devolution is generally viewed as a success for both Scotland and Wales. AO2: The Scottish Parliament and the Welsh assembly have both have established themselves, are popular, and have changed laws at national level to suit the needs of the Scottish and Welsh electorate. AO3: We can form the judgement that the establishment of different laws and rules for Scotland and Wales shows that devolution has been good for them. AO1: There has only been very limited devolution within England. AO2: Moves towards more devolved powers for Metro Mayors and the GLA have been piecemeal and insufficient, especially when compared to the changes in Scotland and Wales. AO3: We can reach a judgement that asymmetrical devolution has left England out of the devolution settlement AO1: Stormont has been suspended for long periods, including between January 2017-January 2020. AO2: The suspension of Stormont for an extended period over the 'cash for ash' scandal has meant the suspension of local control over policy, which has undermined devolution for N Ireland. AO3: We can make a judgment that devolution has not been good for Northern Ireland as the main institution of devolved government has been suspended for long periods of time.
Mark scheme: disagreement
AO1: Devolution has not satisfied demands for Scottish independence and devolution is not entrenched; AO2: The Scottish Nationalist Party remains a strong lobby for a second referendum on Scottish independence and has made electoral gains, including further successes in the 2019 general election. This issue has been compounded by Brexit. The devolution settlement AO3: We can form the judgement that devolution has not satisfied the demand for more impendence, whilst Brexit has exaggerated further the divisions between Holyrood and Westminster. AO1: The Welsh parliament has fewer powers than the Scottish parliament and devolution is not entrenched; AO2: It has been a cause of resentment among Welsh nationalists that the Welsh regional body was granted less powers than Scotland to start with, and whilst it has had its powers increased, they remain less than the powers of the Scottish Parliament. AO3: We can conclude that Welsh nationalist support for further devolved powers, and for independence, shows that devolution has not been good for Wales. AO1: England does not need a separate parliament; AO2: English interests are already represented by the UK parliament and so England does not need a separate parliament or assembly and there is limited popular support for it. Metro Mayors are covering an increasing percentage of the population and are becoming more popular. AO3: We can reach a judgement that since English interests are already represented, there is no need for English devolution. AO1: Stormont has normalised peaceful political conflict within Northern Ireland. AO2: Stormont was restored in January 2020 and its track record shows that it has contained conflict within Northern Ireland within a peaceful and political framework. AO3: We can conclude that, despite the suspensions, Stormont has had a very positive effect on politics within Northern Ireland.
Open in the full browser (plan, examples, save)
Saved