Paper 1 Core Ideologies · 2021 · 24 marks
To what extent is there more to unite rather than divide the New Right from One-Nation Conservatives? (24 marks)
Core Ideologies: Conservatism
Mark scheme: agreement
AO1: Both strands agree that there must be a state in society and that it can be a positive force
AO2: Both strands agree that the state needs to defend property, traditional values and institutions
AO3: We can see that in this way, both strands agree over the state.
AO1: Both strands agree that society has to be protected by a series of clear and robust law and order policies.
AO2: Both One Nation and New Right agree that order in society is promoted by well enforced laws. Also, that humans need clear moral direction.
AO3: We reach the judgement both agree over law and order in society.
AO1: Both strands in conservatism support and uphold the system of capitalism as the only manner in which to run the economy
AO2: Both recognise the benefits of private property and property ownership and prefer it to common ownership in the economy (Burke)
AO3: We may come to the verdict that both have a pro-business approach
Mark scheme: disagreement
AO1: One nation conservatives hold an organic view of society (Burke) whereas elements in the new right are much more in favour of an individualist view of society (Rand, Nozick)
AO2: For one nation conservatives society is viewed as a whole and all parts connected - in contrast neo-liberalism within the new right value self-reliant individuals.
AO3: We can conclude that these two views of society are quite distinct and each posits a different approach in how society functions best
AO1: One nation values are based on an imperfect view of human nature whereas the elements of the New Right appear to support the idea of human rationality (Rand)
AO2: One nation ideas about paternalism, tradition and organicism are based on human imperfection (Hobbes) whereas the neo-liberal commitment to free markets, low taxes and small state suggest a belief in human rationality
AO3: There is clear disagreement between these two strands of conservatism over human nature
AO1: One nation conservatives are willing to use the state to interfere in the economy, as they are pragmatic (Oakeshott), by contrast the new right argue for little or no intervention in a free market by the state, and are ideologically driven (Rand, Nozick)
AO2: One nation conservatives are paternalistic in their approach and take a pragmatic view; in contrast the new right believe in a meritocratic approach, and take a highly ideologically stance to many issues including state interference
AO3: We come to a judgment that conservatism has contrasting, often polar opposite views on core principles