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Paper 1 Core Ideologies · 2019 · 24 marks
To what extent are conservatives united in their view of society? (24 marks)
Core Ideologies: Conservatism
Mark scheme: agreement
AO1: Conservatives view the need for society to provide frameworks for individuals (Hobbes) AO2: Most conservatives see natural order emerging in society (Burke) AO3: Showing agreement between all Conservatives over society AO1: All conservatives see society as essential for human development (Burke) AO2: In their own ways, all conservatives recognise the importance of society where humans are able to flourish AO3: Showing general agreement within Conservatism on the importance of society AO1: All conservatives prefer a society where the state plays as small a role as necessary (Oakeshott) AO2: Conservatives are distrustful of the state fearing it will impose restraints on society AO3: Showing agreement between Conservatives over the role of the state within society AO1: Traditional and one nation conservatives both have an organic view of society (Burke) AO2: They believe that society develops naturally with everyone understanding their role and duties within society AO3: Showing broad agreement in approaches to society between Traditional Conservatives and One nation Conservatives
Mark scheme: disagreement
AO1: Traditional and one nation conservatives disagree with the new right over society AO2: Traditional/one nation conservatives have an organic view of society (Burke) whereas the new right feel society is composed of individuals who are free to develop as they desire. (Nozick) AO3: This makes the position of traditional/one nation conservatives at odds with the new right AO1: Traditional and one nation conservatives disagree with the new right over the importance of the past in society AO2: Traditional/one nation conservatives believe society has emerged gradually and that traditions must be respected (Burke) whereas the New Right had a radical agenda seeking to make large changes to society and not bound by the past. AO3: Showing fundamental disagreement within Conservatism over the role of tradition and gradual change AO1: Traditional and one nation conservatives disagree with the new right over whether hierarchy is natural (Hobbes) AO2: Traditional/one nation conservatives believe society that society will be based on some form of natural inequality with this serving to give a sense of duty to some (Oakeshott) whereas the New Right believe in a meritocracy. AO3: While both views accept an unequal society, one is based on a fixed hierarchy and the other based on the merits of the individual showing clear disagreement AO1: There is disagreement within the New Right over the role of society AO2: The Neo-liberal aspect suggests that society is composed of individuals who are free to act as they choose and are independent (Rand) whereas the neo-conservative aspect appears to require obedience to a moral code in society AO3: The New Right clearly have an inconsistent view of society within their two strands.
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